ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ
ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﻭﺍﻧﻮﺍﻋﻬﺎ Nouns
ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ( Noun ) ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻣﺮﺍﻩ ( Woman ) ﻭﻭﻟﺪ ( Boy ) , ﺍﻭ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻛﻠﺐ ( Dog ) ﻭﺣﺼﺎﻥ ( Horse ) ﺍﻭ ﺟﻤﺎﺩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺓ ( Car ) ﺍﻭ ﻣﺎﺩﺓ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻣﺎﺀ ( water ) ﻭﺣﺪﻳﺪ ( Iron ) ﺍﻭ ﻓﻜﺮﻩ ﻣﺠﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺟﻤﺎﻝ ( beauty ) ﻭﺩﻳﻤﻘﺮﺍﻃﻴﻪ ( democracy ) ﻭﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻳﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻫﻢ :
ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻭﺩﻩ Countables
- ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﺪ ( ﺍﻱ ﺑﺎﻣﻜﺎﻧﻨﺎ ﻋﺪﻫﺎ ) ﻣﺜﻞ ( book , two books , several books )
- ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ( an , a ) ﻣﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻓﻘﻂ ( ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻜﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ )
ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻭﺩﻩ Uncountables
- ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻪ ﻟﻠﻌﺪ ( ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﻪ ) ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻋﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ...
Music , Happiness , Air , Blood , Love ...........etc
- ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺧﻤﺲ ﻣﻤﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ...
.1 ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﻻ ﺗﺴﺒﻖ ﺑﺄﺭﻗﺎﻡ .
.2 ﻻﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﺑﺪﺍُ ﻣﻊ ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻜﻴﺮ ( ﻻ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻜﻴﺮ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ) .
.3 ﻻ ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻟﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ .
.4 ﻻ ﻳﻜﻤﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ many , several
.5 ﺍﻻﻣﺮﺍﺽ , ﺣﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﻪ , ﺍﻻﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﻫﻲ ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﺪﻭﺩﻩ ﻣﺜﻞ ...
ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﻣﺴﺔ ﻧﺒﺪﺃﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻻﻣﺮﺍﺽ
Aids ﺍﻷﻳﺪﺯ
Anthrax. ﺍﻟﺠﻤﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺒﻴﺜﺔ
Gout ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺮﺱ
Measles ﺍﻟﺤﺼﺒﻪ
Mumps ﺍﻟﻨﻜﺎﻑ
Pneumonia ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻪ
ﺣﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ
Arithmetic ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﺤﺴﺎﺏ
Astronomy ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﻚ
Biology ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻻﺣﻴﺎﺀ
Economics ﻋﻠﻢ ﺍﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ
History ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺭﻳﺦ
Mathematics ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺕ
ﺍﻻﻟﻌﺎﺏ
Baseball ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺴﺒﻮﻝ
Billiard ﺍﻟﺒﻴﻠﻴﺎﺭﺩ
Chess ﺍﻟﺸﻄﺮﻧﺞ
Football ﻛﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﺪﻡ
Ice – hockey ﻫﻮﻛﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻠﻴﺪ
Rugby ﺭﮔﺑﻲ
ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ Proper Nouns
ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻣﺜﻞ ( John ) ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﻣﺎﻛﻦ , ﺍﻟﻤﺪﻥ ﻣﺜﻞ ( London ) ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻝ ﻣﺜﻞ ( Saudi Arabia ) ﻭﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺷﻬﺮ ﻣﺜﻞ ( March ) ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻥ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﻟﻪ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻣﻤﻴﺰﺍﺕ ﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ...
.1 ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺤﺮﻑ ﺍﻻﻭﻝ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺍُ .
.2 ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﻻ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻜﻴﺮ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﺍﺩﺍﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ( The ) ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﺎﺕ The Pacific ocean
.3 ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﻩ , ﺍﻻ ﺍﻧﻪ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺠﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﻪ The Netherlands
ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ
.1 ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻛﻔﺎﻋﻞ ( Subject ) ﻭﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪﺍﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻭﻳﺘﺒﻌﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﺜﻞ ...
Water is very important in life.
.2 ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻛﻤﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ( Object ) ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻌﺪﻱ ﻣﺜﻞ ....
He showed kindness to the poor..
.3 ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﺮ ( Preposition ) ﻣﺜﻞ ...
He has something of importance to say.
.4 ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ( Adjective ) ﻛﺄﺳﻢ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻑ ( ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ ) ﻣﺜﻞ ...
London is a wonderful city .
.5 ﻳﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺻﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻠﻚ ( Possessive Adjectives ) ( ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ) ﻣﺜﻞ
I felt pity for her son .
خارج الموضوع تحويل الاكوادإخفاء الابتساماتإخفاء