ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺍﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ
ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ Indefinite Pronouns
- ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻥ ﺗُﺸﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻻﺷﻴﺎﺀ , ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻚ ﻻﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﻦ ﻫﻢ ﺍﻭ ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻭ ﺍﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ , ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ . ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺍﻭ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ , ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
I was there for over an hour before anybody came.
ﻛﻨﺖ ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻻﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻥ ﻳﺎﺗﻲ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺣﺪ
Jack was waiting for something .
ﺟﺎﻙ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﺷﻴﺌﺎً ﻣﺎ
- ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺑﺄﻫﻢ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ
anybody ﺃﻱ ﺷﺨﺺ nobody ﻻ ﺃﺣﺪ
anyone ﺃﻱ ﺷﺨﺺ no one ﻻ ﺃﺣﺪ
anything ﺃﻱّ ﺷﻲﺀ nothing ﻻ ﺷﻲﺀ
everybody ﻛُﻞّ ﺷﺨﺺ somebody ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﺎ
everyone ﻛُﻞّ ﺷﺨﺺ someone ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﺎ
everything ﻛُﻞّ ﺷﻲﺀ something ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﺎ
- ﻻﺣﻆ ﺍﻥ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻻ ﺍﻧﻬﺎ ﺗُﻜﺘﺐ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﺄﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﻴﺮ ( no one ) ﻓﺎﻧﻪ ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﻛﻠﻤﺘﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺘﻴﻦ .
ﺍﻻﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً ﻣﻔﺮﺩﺓ , ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
Is anyone here?
ﻫﻞ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺍﻱ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻫﻨﺎ ؟ Everybody recognizes the importance of education.
ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻳﻌﺘﺮﻑ ﺑﺄﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ
Everything was ready.
ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺟﺎﻫﺰ
Nothing is certain in this world.
ﻻ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻣﺆﻛﺪ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ
- ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑـ ( thing- ) ﻟﻼﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﺍﻭ ﻓﻜﺮﺓ ﺍﻭ ﻣﻮﻗﻒ ﺍﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻧﺸﺎﻁ ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
Can I do anything ? ﺃﺳﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺃﻥ ﺃﻓﻌﻞ ﺃﻱ ﺷﻲﺀ؟
Maya said nothing for a moment. ﻣﺎﻳﺎ ﻟﻢ ﺗﻘﻞ ﺍﻱ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ
- ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑـ ( one- ) ﺍﻭ ( -body ) ﻟﻼﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
It had to be someone like Dan.
ﻛﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺩﺍ
Why does everybody believe in the law of gravity
ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻳﺼﺪﻕ ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﺫﺑﻴﺔ
- ﺑﺎﻟﺮﻏﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﺗﺄﺧﺬ ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ , ﺍﻻ ﺍﻧﻪُ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺿﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻣﺜﻞ ( they, them, their, themselves ) ﺗُﻌﻮﺩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ , ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
Ask anyone, they’ll tell you.
ﺍﺳﺌﻞ ﺍﻱ ﺷﺨﺺ , ﻫﻢ ﺳﻮﻑ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪﻭﻙ
There’s no way of telling somebody why they’ve failed.
ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺤﻴﻞ ﺍﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﺎ ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍ ﻗﺪ ﻓﺸﻞ
Everyone put their pens down.
ﻭﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻗﻼﻣﻬﻢ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﺎُ
Everybody’s enjoying themselves .
ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﻳﻤﺘﻌﻮﻥ ﺍﻧﻔﺴﻬﻢ
- ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﺍﻻﻛﺜﺮ ﺭﺳﻤﻴﺔ ﻳﻔﻀﻞ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ( he, him, himself ) ﻟﻼﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﻟﻠﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ , ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ ﻳﻌﺘﺮﺿﻮﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻻﻧﻬﺎ ﺗﺸﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺬﻛﺮ ﻓﻘﻂ , ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
Somebody shouted and other voices joined him.
ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﺎ ﺻﺎﺡ ﻭﺍﺻﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻻﺧﺮﻳﺖ ﺍﻧﻀﻤﺖ ﺍﻟﻴﻪ
Everybody has his dream.
ﻛﻞ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻟﺪﻳﺔ ﺣﻠﻤﻪ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ
Everybody determines his own rates.
ﻛﻞ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻳﺤﺪﺩ ﺳﻌﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺑﻪ
- ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺭﺯﺓ ( s‘ ) ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻟﻼﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻻﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻮﺩ ﻣﻠﻜﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻻﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
She was given a room in someone’s studio.
ﺍﻋﻄﻴﺖ ﻏﺮﻓﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻘﺔ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻣﺎ
That was nobody’s business.
ﻫﺬﺍ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺄﻥ ﺍﻱ ﺍﺣﺪ
I would defend anyone’s rights.
ﺃﻭﺩ ﺃﻥ ﺍﺩﺍﻓﻊ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺃﻱ ﺷﺨﺺ
Everything has been arranged to everybody’s satisfaction.
ﺗﻢ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﻛﻞ ﺷﻲﺀ ﻹﺭﺿﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ
- ﻻﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﺔ ( s‘ ) ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻤﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﻟﻼﺷﻴﺎﺀ ﻓﻤﺜﻼً ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﺍﻥ ﻧﻘﻮﻝ ( the value of something ) ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﻄﺄ ﻗﻮﻝ ﻣﺎﻳﻠﻲ ( something’s value )
ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻷﻋﻄﺎﺀ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻻﺷﺨﺎﺹ ﺍﻭ ﺍﻻﺷﻴﺎﺀ , ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗُﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﻴﺮ , ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
What was needed was someone practical.
They are doing everything possible to take care of you.
There is nothing wrong with being popular.
- ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ( else ) ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻟﻼﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺍﺧﺮ ﺍﻭ ﺷﻲﺀ ﺍﺧﺮ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗُﻮﺿﻊ ( else ) ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
Somebody else will have to go out there.
She couldn’t think of anything else .
Everyone knows what everyone else is doing.
He held his job because nobody else wanted it.
- ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﺔ ( s‘ ) ﺍﻟﻰ ( else ) ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺄﺗﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻟﻼﺷﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺺ ﺍﻻﺧﺮ ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
Problems always became someone else’s fault.
No one has control over anyone else’s career.
- ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺑﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ﺍﻭ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﺍﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﺍﻭ ﺣﺘﻰ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﺮ , ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﺪﺃ ﺑـ ( every , some ) ﺑﻜﺜﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤُﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
Everything went according to plan.
I remember somebody putting a pillow under my head.
‘Now you’ll see something’ , he said.
I gave everyone a generous helping.
I want to introduce you to someone who is helping me.
Have you seen Frank? Is everything all right?
- ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﺪﺃ ﺑـ ( any ) ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﺍﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ﺍﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﻴﺔ ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
Don’t worry, I won’t tell anyone .
You still haven’t told me anything.
Take a good look and tell me if you see anything different.
I haven’t given anyone their presents yet.
- ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﺪﺃ ﺑـ ( no ) ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎً ﻟﻨﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤُﺜﺒﺘﺔ , ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
Nobody said a word.
There was nothing you could do, nothing at all.
She was to see no one, to speak to nobody, not even her own children.
- ﻭﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺒﺪﺃ ﺑـ ( no ) ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ﻓﺎﻥ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ( no )
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