ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ
ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ Nouns in the Plural Part 2
-11 ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ( ﺛﺎﺑﺘﻪ ) ﻻ ﺗﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﺜﻞ ...
aircraft ﻃﺎﺋﺮﻩ
data ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ
deer ﻏﺰﺍﻝ
dozen/dozens ﺩﺯﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﺛﻨﺎﺀ ﻋﺸﺮ
fish/fishes ﺳﻤﻜﻪ
horsepower ﻗﻮﻩ ﺣﺼﺎﻧﻴﻪ
hovercraft ﺣﻮﺍﻣﻪ
moose ﺍﻻﻳﻞ
quid ﺟﻨﻴﻪ - ﻛﻠﻤﻪ ﻋﺎﻣﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﺒﺎﻭﻧﺪ
salmon ﺳﻠﻤﻮﻥ
sheep ﺧﺮﻭﻑ
spacecraft ﻣﺮﻛﺒﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﺋﻴﻪ
trout ﺗﺮﻭﺕ
Tv series ﻣﺴﻠﺴﻞ ﺗﻠﻔﺰﻳﻮﻧﻲ
-12 ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻃﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑ ( ese ) ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﺜﻞ ...
Chinese ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻨﻲ
Japanese ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺎﻧﻲ
Portuguese ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺗﻐﺎﻟﻲ
Swiss ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻳﺴﺮﻱ - ﺣﺎﻟﻪ ﺧﺎﺻﻪ
Vietnamese ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺘﻨﺎﻣﻲ
-13 ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﻬﻲ ﺑـ ( us ) ﻓﻌﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺗﺤﺬﻑ ﺍﻟـ ( us ) ﻭﺗﻀﺎﻑ ﺑﺪﻻً ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ( i ) ﻣﺜﻞ ...
focus foci ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﺆﺭﺓ
nucleus nuclei ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺍﺓ
radius radii ﺃﻧﺼﺎﻑ ﺍﻷﻗﻄﺎﺭ ﻧﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺮ
stimulus stimuli ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔّﺰﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔّﺰ
14 - ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﻬﻲ ﺑـ ( um ) ﻓﻌﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺗﺤﺬﻑ ﺍﻟـ ( um ) ﻭﺗﻀﺎﻑ ﺑﺪﻻً ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ( a ) ﻣﺜﻞ ...
aquarium aquaria ﺃﺣﻮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻚ ﺣﻮﺽ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﻚ
memorandum memoranda ﻣﺬﻛّﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﺬﻛّﺮﺓ
referendum referenda ﺇﺳﺘﻔﺘﺎﺀﺍﺕ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺇﺳﺘﻔﺘﺎﺀ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ
spectrum spectra ﺍﻃﻴﺎﻑ ﻃﻴﻒ
stratum strata ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﻃﺒﻘﺔ
15 - ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﻬﻲ ﺑـ ( is ) ﻓﻌﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺗُﺒﺪﻝ ﺍﻟـ ( is ) ﺑﺄﺿﺎﻓﺔ ( es ) ﺑﺪﻻً ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ...
analysis analyses ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻼﺕ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ
axis axes ﺍﻟﻔﺆﻭﺱ ﻓﺄﺱ
basis bases ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ
crisis crises ﺍﺯﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﺯﻣﺔ
diagnosis diagnoses ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺼﺎﺕ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ
hypothesis hypotheses ﻓﺮﺿﻴﺎﺕ ﻓﺮﺿﻴﺔ
neurosis neuroses ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺑﺎﺕ ﻋﺼﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﺿﻄﺮﺍﺏ ﻋﺼﺒﻲ
parenthesis parentheses ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﺮ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ ﺣﺼﺮ
16 - ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﻬﻲ ﺑـ ( a ) ﻓﻌﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﻳﻀﺎﻑ ( e ) ﺍﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ...
larva larvae ﻳﺮﻗﺎﺕ ﻳﺮﻗﺔ
vertebra vertebrae ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ ﻓﻘﺮﺓ
17 - ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑـ ( a ) ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺬﻛﻮﺭﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻋﻼﻩ , ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﺄﺿﺎﻑ ( s ) ﺍﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ...
antenna antennas ﻟﻮﺍﻣﺲ ﻻﻣﺲ
formula formulas ﺻﻴﻎ ﺻﻴﻐﺔ
amoeba amoebas ﺍﻣﻴﺒﺎ ﺍﻣﻴﺒﺎ
nebula nebulas ﺳﺪﻡ ﺳﺪﻳﻢ
18 - ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ ﺗﺄﺧﺬ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺘﻴﻦ ﺟﻤﻊ , ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﻭﻟﻰ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﺄﺿﺎﻓﺔ ( s ) ﺍﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺷﺎﺋﻌﺔ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻤﻴﺔ , ﻭﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ , ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
appendix appendices - appendixes ﻣﻠﺤﻖ
automaton automata - automatons ﺍﻧﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻲ
index indices - indexes ﺩﻟﻴﻞ
virtuoso virtuosi - virtuosos ﻣﻮﻫﻮﺏ
18 - ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎُ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ , ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺗﺄﺧﺬ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎُ , ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ
advice ﻧﺼﻴﺤﻪ
brains ﺫﻛﺎﺀ
business ﻋﻤﻞ
character ﺷﺨﺺ
dirt ﺍﻭﺳﺎﺥ
furniture ﺍﺛﺎﺕ
homework ﻭﺍﺟﺐ ﺑﻴﺘﻲ
income ﺩﺧﻞ
information ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ
knowledge ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻪ
luggage ﺍﻣﺘﻌﻪ
money ﻧﻘﻮﺩ
news ﺍﺧﺒﺎﺭ
progress ﺗﻘﺪﻡ
19 - ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﺘﻬﻲ ﺑ ( ics ) ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎُ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻔﺮﺩﻩ , ﺍﻱ ﺗﺄﺧﺬ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ..
athletics ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﺭﻳﺎﺿﻴﻪ economics ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩ
mathematics ﺭﻳﺎﺿﻴﺎﺕ physics ﻓﻴﺰﻳﺎﺀ
politics ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ statistics ﺍﺣﺼﺎﺀ
20 - ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ , ﺍﻱ ﺗﺄﺧﺬ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻣﻔﺮﺩ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ..
The United States (The US) is a large country.
The United Nations (The UN) is supported by every country in the world.
21 - ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎُ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ , ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﺗﺄﺧﺬ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎُ , ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ
ashes ﺭﻣﺎﺩ binoculars ﻣﻨﻈﺎﺭ
cattle ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻪ contents ﻣﺤﺘﻮﻳﺎﺕ
customs ﻋﺎﺩﺍﺕ diamonds ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺱ
glasses ﺍﻗﺪﺍﺡ goods ﺑﻀﺎﻋﺔ - ﺳﻠﻊ
outskirts ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ people ﻧﺎﺱ
premises ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ pyjamas ﺑﻴﺠﺎﻣﻪ
scales ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ scissors ﻣﻘﺺ
shoes ﺣﺬﺍﺀ - ﻓﺮﺩﺗﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﺬﺍﺀ socks ﺟﻮﺭﺍﺏ
stairs ﺩﺭﺟﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻢ tongs ﻣﻠﻘﻂ
trousers ﺑﻨﻄﻠﻮﻥ tweezers ﻣﻠﻘﻂ
22 - ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﺳﻤﻴﻦ ( ﺍﺳﻢ - ﺍﺳﻢ ) ﻓﻌﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﻳﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻻﺧﻴﺮ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻭﺣﺴﺐ ﻗﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﻣﺜﻞ ..
baby sitter baby sitters ﺟﻠﻴﺴﺔ ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ
grand child grand children ﺣﻔﻴﺪ
fire man fire men ﺭﺟﻞ ﺍﻃﻔﺎﺀ
English man English men ﺭﺟﻞ ﺍﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻱ
23 - ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ( ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺒﻪ ) ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ( ﺍﺳﻢ – ﺣﺮﻑ ﺟﺮ – ﺍﺳﻢ ) ﻓﻌﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ , ﻳﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻻﻭﻝ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﺜﻞ ...
My sisters – in –law are nice. ﺍﺧﻮﺍﺕ ﺯﻭﺟﺘﻲ ﻟﻄﻴﻔﺎﺕ
24 - ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﺒﻊ ( man - woman ) ﻓﻌﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﻳﺠﻤﻊ ﻛﻼﻫﻤﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ...
woman priest - women priests ﻗﺴﻴﺴﻪ – ﻗﺴﻴﺴﺎﺕ ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ ﻛﺎﻫﻨﻪ
25 - ﻃﺮﻕ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺒﻮﻗﻪ ﺑﺄﺭﻗــﺎﻡ ( ﺍﻟﻔﺌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﺪﻳﻪ ) ﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼﺕ ﻻﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﻛﻌﻤﻠﻪ ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺘﺤﺪﺙ ﻋﻦ ﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩﻳﻪ ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﻥ ﺗﻔﻬﻢ ﺍﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﻪ ﺍﻻﺗﻴﻪ ...
This is a five – pound note. ﻭﺭﻗﻪ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﻪ ﻓﺌﺔ ﺧﻤﺴﻪ ﺑﺎﻭﻧﺪ
Give me five pounds. ﺍﻋﻄﻨﻲ ﺧﻤﺲ ﺑﺎﻭﻧﺎﺕ
Two ten – dollar bills. ﻭﺭﻗﺘﻴﻦ ﻧﻘﺪﻳﺘﻴﻦ ﻓﺌﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺸﺮﻩ ﺩﻭﻻﺭ
Give me ten dollars. ﺍﻋﻄﻨﻲ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺩﻭﻻﺭﺍﺕ
26 - ﻭﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻨﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﻪ ﻣﻊ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ ( Year ) ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﻗﻮﻝ ﻣﺎﻳﻠﻲ ...
A ten – year – old girl. ﻣﻔﺮﺩ
She’s ten years old. ﺟﻤﻊ
ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ ﻣﻬﻤﻪ ﻳﺠﺐ ﺍﻥ ﺗﻨﺘﺒﻪ ﻟﻬﺎ
- ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ( an,a ) ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺮﺩ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻭﺩ ﻓﻘﻂ , ﻓﺎﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﺑﺼﻮﺕ ﻋﻠﻪ ﻧﻀﻊ ﻗﺒﻠﻪ ( an ) ﻭﺍﺫﺍ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﺑﺼﻮﺕ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻧﻀﻊ ﻗﺒﻠﻪ ( a ) . ( ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻜﻴﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ )
- ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ( an,a ) ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻻﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻌﺪﻭﺩﻩ ( ﺍﺳﻤﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﻴﻪ )( ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻭﺍﻧﻮﺍﻋﻪ )
- ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ ﻻﺗﺠﻤﻊ ﺍﻃﻼﻗﺎُ . ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺩﺭﺱ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ
- ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳُﺘﺒﻊ ﺍﻟـ ( s ) ﺑﺄﺣﺪ ﺍﻻﺻﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ / f/ , /k/ , /p/ , /t/ , //θ ﻳﻠﻔﻆ /s/ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺍﺫﺍ ﺟﺎﺀﺕ ﺑﻌﺪﻩُ ﺍﻻﺻﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ / s/, /z/, / dʒ / ﻓﺎﻧﻪُ ﻳﻠﻔﻆ /iz/ ( ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ
خارج الموضوع تحويل الاكوادإخفاء الابتساماتإخفاء