ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺴﺄﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ
ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ Time
ﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻃﺮﻕ ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻠﻐﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﻜﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﻭﻫﻲ ﻛﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ...
- ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩﻳﺔ ( analogue time )
- ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻪ ﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ ( semi-digital time )
- ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ ( digital time )
ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻥ ﺍﺑﺪﺃ ﺑﺸﺮﺡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ , ﺍﻭﺩ ﺍﻥ ﺍﺷﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ
- ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺴﺄﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ
- ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ
ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺴﺄﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ
ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺑﺄﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻻﺳﺌﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
ﺍﺳﺘﻤﻊ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ
What’s the time? ( ﻛﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ؟ )
What time is it, please? ( ﻛﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻓﻀﻠﻚ ؟ )
Excuse me, could you tell me the time?
( ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺬﺭﺓ , ﻫﻞ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺍﻥ ﺗﺨﺒﺮﻧﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ؟ )
Can you say what time it is?
( ﻫﻞ ﺗﺴﻴﻄﻴﻊ ﺍﻥ ﺗﺨﺒﺮﻧﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ؟ )
ﺍﺟﺰﺍﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ
ﻭﻟﻜﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺍﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺴﺄﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺎﻳﻠﻲ -:
- ﺗﺴﻤﻰ 15 ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ , ﺍﻱ ﺍﻟﺮﺑﻊ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺑـ ( quarter )
- ﺗﺴﻤﻰ 30 ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ , ﺍﻱ ﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﺑـ ( half ) ﺍﻧﺘﺒﻪ ﺣﺮﻑ ( L ) ﻻﻳﻠﻔﻆ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ( half )
- ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ( past ) ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ ( ﻭ ) ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ
- ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ( to ) ﺑﺎﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ ( ﺍﻻ ) ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ
- ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ( o’clock ) ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺗﺎﻣﺔ , ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺻﺒﺎﺣﺎً
- ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﻫﻮ ( at )
- ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻧﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻥ ﻧﺨﺒﺮ ﺷﺨﻀﺎً ﻣﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ ﺍﻥ ﻧﺬﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﺪﻗﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻭﻻ ﻭﻣﻦ ﺛﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ .
- am ﺗﻌﻨﻲ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻈﻬﺮ before noon
- pm ﺗﻌﻨﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻈﻬﺮ after noon
ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﻴﺎﺩﻳﺔ
ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ ﻟﻼﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ , ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻣﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﻦ , ﻛﻞ ﺟﺰﺀ 12 ﺳﺎﻋﺔ , ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺀ ﺍﻻﻭﻝ ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ ( midnight ) ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻇﻬﺮﺍً ( noon )
ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺰﺀ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻳﺒﺪﺃ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻇﻬﺮﺍً ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻰ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ . ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﺑﺄﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ
It’s three o’clock. ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً
Its five past three. ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﻪ ﻭﺧﻤﺲ ﺩﻗﺎﺋﻖ
Its ten past three. ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﻪ ﻭﻋﺸﺮ ﺩﻗﺎﺋﻖ
It’s a quarter past three. ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺑﻊ
It’s twenty past three. ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﻪ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻭﻥ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ
twenty five past three ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﻪ ﻭﺧﻤﺲ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻭﻥ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ
Twenty-nine minutes past three
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﻪ ﻭﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﻭﻋﺸﺮﻭﻥ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ
half past three. ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ
thirty five past three. ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﻪ ﻭﺧﻤﺲ ﻭﺛﻼﺛﻮﻥ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ
forty-nine minutes past three.
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﻪ ﻭﺗﺴﻌﺔ ﻭﺍﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﻪ
Its five to three. ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﻪ ﺍﻻ ﺧﻤﺲ ﺩﻗﺎﺋﻖ
Its ten to three. ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﻪ ﺍﻻ ﻋﺸﺮ ﺩﻗﺎﺋﻖ
It’s a quarter to three. ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﻪ ﺍﻻ ﺭﺑﻊ
It’s twenty to three. ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﻪ ﺍﻻ ﺛﻠﺚ ( 20 ) ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ
ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎﺕ
ﺍﻧﺘﺒﺔ : ﻻ ﺩﺍﻋﻲ ﻟﺬﻛﺮ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ( minutes ) ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺲ ﻭﻋﺸﺮ ﺩﻗﺎﺋﻖ ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺫﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺑﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻻﺭﻗﺎﻡ .
ﻓﻲ ﺍﻳﺮﻟﻨﺪﺍ ﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮﻥ ( half twelve ) ﺍﻻ ﺍﻧﻬﻢ ﻳﻘﺼﺪﻭﻥ ( half past twelve ) ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺔ .
ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﺠﺰﺀ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﺪﻭﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﻓﺎﻧﺔ ﻳﻀﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﺎﺑﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ , ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻣﻌﺔ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﺮ ( in ) ﻣﺜﻞ ...
six o’clock in the morning. ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺳﺔ ﺻﺒﺎﺣﺎً
quarter to two in the afternoon. ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻻ ﺭﺑﻊ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﻟﻈﻬﺮ
seven minutes to seven in the evening. ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﺍﻻ ﺳﺒﻌﺔ ﺩﻗﺎﺋﻖ ﻣﺴﺎﺀﺍً
half past eleven at night. ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ ﻟﻴﻼً
ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﻠﻨﺎ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎً ﺍﻥ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺍﻟﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﻫﻮ ( at ) ﻭﻛﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ...
She has breakfast at 7 o’clock.
ﺗﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻄﻮﺭ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎً
She leaves to catch the bus at a quarter to eight.
ﺗﻐﺎﺩﺭ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻨﺔ ﺍﻻ ﺭﺑﻊ ﻟﺘﺼﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻓﻠﺔ
She starts work at 8.30.
ﺗﺒﺪﺃ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ
ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﺔ ﺭﻗﻤﻴﺔ
ﻭﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻧﻬﺎ ﻛﺴﺎﺑﻘﺘﻬﺎ ﺗﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﻦ , ﻭﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﺑﺎﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ
12.00 Twelve midnight or noon
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻇﻬﺮﺍً ﺍﻭ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻞ
12.05 Twelve five am or pm
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻭﺧﻤﺴﺔ ﺩﻗﺎﺋﻖ ﺻﺒﺎﺣﺎً ﺍﻭ ﻣﺴﺎﺀﺍً
06.30 Six thirty am or pm
ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺩﺳﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﺼﻒ ﺻﺒﺎﺣﺎً ﺍﻭ ﻣﺴﺎﺀﺍً
08.00 Eight am or pm
ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻨﺔ ﺻﺒﺎﺣﺎً ﺍﻭ ﻣﺴﺎﺀﺍً
11.47 Eleven forty-seven am or pm
ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺩﻳﺔ ﻋﺸﺮﺓ ﻭﺳﺒﻊ ﻭﺍﺭﺑﻌﻮﻥ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺔ ﺻﺒﺎﺣﺎً ﺍﻭ ﻣﺴﺎﺀﺍً
ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ
ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻻ ﺗﻘﺴﻢ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻰ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﻦ ﻭﺍﻧﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ 24 ﺳﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﻭﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺶ ﺍﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺟﺪﺍﻭﻝ ﻣﻮﺍﻋﻴﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ , ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ ﻭﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﻘﺮﺃ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺑﻬﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ...
ﻳﻜﺘﺐ ﻳﻘﺮﺃ
00:01 Zero zero one hours
06:00 Six hours
10:45 Ten forty-five hours
12:00 Twelve hours
15:15 Fifteen fifteen hours
23:59 Twenty-three fifty-nine hours
ﻫﺬﻩ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺼﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﻪ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﺘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ
GMT ﺗﻌﻨﻲ
Greenwich Mean Time. ( ﺗﻮﻗﻴﺖ ﻏﺮﻳﻨﺘﺶ )
CET ﺗﻌﻨﻲ
Central European Time. ( ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﺖ ﺍﻷﻭﺭﻭﺑﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﻱ )
BST ﺗﻌﻨﻲ
British Summer Time. ( ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻗﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻔﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﻄﺎﻧﻲ )
Zulu ﺗﻌﻨﻲ GMT ( ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻋﺴﻜﺮﻱ )
Lima ﺗﻌﻨﻲ
Local time ﺗﻮﻗﻴﺖ ﻣﺤﻠﻲ ) ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻋﺴﻜﺮﻱ )
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